didinimas išdidinimas iš optinis mikroskopas yra mažesnis nei tas iš the elektronas mikroskopas. The optical mikroskopas can only observe microstructures, such as cells and chloroplastai, while the electron mikroskopas can observe submicroscopic structures, that is, the structure of organelles, virusai, bakterijos, bakterijos, etc.
The elektronn mikroskopas projektai an pagreitintas ir koncentruotas elektronas spindulys onto a labai plonas mėginys, ir the elektronai collide with the atoms in the sample to change their direction, thereby producing solid angle scattering. The size of the scattering angle is related to the density and thickness of the sample, so images with different brightness and darkness can be formed, and the images will be displayed on imaging devices (pvz. as fluorescenciniai ekranai, filmai, and šviesai jautrus mova komponentai) po priartinimas in ir fokusavimas.
Due to the very short de Broglie wavelength of the electron, the resolution of the transmission electron microscope is much higher than that of the optical microscope, which can reach 0.1-0.2nm, and the magnification is tens of thousands to millions of times. Therefore, the use of transmission electron microscopy can be used to observe the fine structure of samples, even the structure of only a single column of atoms, which is tens of thousands of times smaller than the smallest structure that can be observed by optical microscopy. TEM is an important analytical method in many scientific fields related to physics and biology, such as cancer research, virology, materials science, as well as nanotechnology, semiconductor research, etc.
